A natural fiber that grows in the seed pod of the cotton plant, cotton is versatile and the second strongest natural fiber. (Wool is the strongest.) Use of cotton fabric dates to 5,000-3,000 BCE Egypt. It takes dye well and has a wide range of color options. Cotton is also breathable and can give you a lot of decorating impact at a low price, whether for window treatments, bedding, upholstery, or accessories, depending on the type of fabric. And it is a renewable, biodegradable resource.

However, while cotton enjoys high popularity around the world, it also has low insect-resistance and is responsible for 25% of global pesticide use. In addition, it may be bleached with chlorine based chemicals, which are known to be toxic to the environment and its inhabitants. Dyes and finishes may also contain harsh and harmful ingredients. Be cautious of any fabric labeled static-resistant, wrinkle-resistant, permanent-press, no-iron, or stain-proof. Chances are those qualities are the result of toxic chemical processes.

Organic cotton is non-toxic and becoming increasingly available in the home decor industry, but it does cost more than non-organic cotton. Organic cotton is grown in soil that is certified free of chemical fertilizers and pesticides for at least three years. Fabrics made with organic cotton should be free of chlorine bleach and chemical dyes and finishes to be considered organic.